Beans

The bean belongs to the family Fabaceae. The species and varieties are categorised into Phaseolus Vulgaris (common bean) and Phaseolus Coccineus (multiflora bean), which includes giant beans and is cultivated on a smaller scale. The bean is an annual, herbaceous plant with superficial root system. In the roots, in the presence of suitable nitrogen-fixing bacteria, plantlets are formed, in which symbiotic N fixation takes place, but this becomes insufficient for the total N nutrition of the crop. Therefore, in all cases, N fertilization with simultaneous addition of Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium and trace elements is required. Rational nutrition is one of the most effective factors so as to increase the growth and productivity of bean plants. However, rational fertilisation is a function of many factors and interactions. The nutrition program should aim to optimise inputs, increase yield, quality, while protecting the environment, soil fertility and crop sustainability.